Artificial intelligence is not only increasingly used in business and administration contexts, but a race for its regulation is also underway, with the EU spearheading the efforts. Contrary to existing literature, this article suggests, however, that the most far-reaching and effective EU rules for AI applications in the digital economy will not be contained in the proposed AI Act - but have just been enacted in the Digital Markets Act. We analyze the impact of the DMA and related EU acts on AI models and their underlying data across four key areas: disclosure requirements; the regulation of AI training data; access rules; and the regime for fair rankings. The paper demonstrates that fairness, in the sense of the DMA, goes beyond traditionally protected categories of non-discrimination law on which scholarship at the intersection of AI and law has so far largely focused on. Rather, we draw on competition law and the FRAND criteria known from intellectual property law to interpret and refine the DMA provisions on fair rankings. Moreover, we show how, based on CJEU jurisprudence, a coherent interpretation of the concept of non-discrimination in both traditional non-discrimination and competition law may be found. The final part sketches specific proposals for a comprehensive framework of transparency, access, and fairness under the DMA and beyond.
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夫妻通常在一起管理慢性疾病,管理层对患者及其浪漫伴侣造成了情感上的伤害。因此,认识到日常生活中每个伴侣的情绪可以提供对他们在慢性疾病管理中的情感健康的见解。当前,评估每个伴侣的情绪的过程是手动,时间密集和昂贵的。尽管夫妻之间存在着关于情感识别的作品,但这些作品都没有使用夫妻在日常生活中的互动中收集的数据。在这项工作中,我们收集了85小时(1,021个5分钟样本)现实世界多模式智能手表传感器数据(语音,心率,加速度计和陀螺仪)和自我报告的情绪数据(n = 612)(13个伙伴)(13)夫妻)在日常生活中管理2型糖尿病。我们提取了生理,运动,声学和语言特征,以及训练有素的机器学习模型(支持向量机和随机森林),以识别每个伴侣的自我报告的情绪(价和唤醒)。我们最佳模型的结果比偶然的结果更好,唤醒和价值分别为63.8%和78.1%。这项工作有助于建立自动情绪识别系统,最终使伙伴能够监视他们在日常生活中的情绪,并能够提供干预措施以改善其情感幸福感。
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